Rene Descartes
This man is maybe the most important philosopher of modern philosophy. He is the one who revolution the way of thinking in the ambit of existentialisms, how we can categorize things like ourselves and how we can know the shape or the “trajectory” of things.
Descartes said that how we can be sure of our existence? And if all this we are perceiving is a dream… we can´t trust in senses they betray us, in the only thing we can trust is in the reason, that’s why he is a rationalist.
But here comes the question: how do we know the difference between an object and a human?
And what is the reason of asking this, is that we are like special?
So Descartes start thinking a long time making inductions and deductions and he get the conclusion that if we can think it means that we exist and that makes a differentiation with objects, he said: I think ergo I exist, as a human being I ask myself, I found no answer, I notes that the capacity of put in dude makes me real.
I’m human because I don´t dude my capacity of thinking.
Another Descartes thought was that the world is divided in two: material things, and substance things.
The substance things are an extension of God, and the material things which is live in general and are those who work mechanically and also creates necessities, like hunger. In the case of human there is a “Cartesian dualism” because Descartes said that human is part material and part substance, it can be call the soul and this soul allow us to know things, to locate us in time and to supreme necessities created by the material part.
This is a short summary about some Descartes purposes.
